National Convention continues Fundamental Principles and Detailed Basic Principles adopted by NC read out

Yangon, 27 Aug - The Plenary Session of the National Convention continued at Pyidaungsu Hall in Nyaunghnapin Camp, Hmawby Township, Yangon Division, at 9 am today.

The Panel of Chairmen presented the Fundamental Principles and Detailed Basic Principles adopted by National Convention.

Present on the occasion were members of the National Convention Convening Commission, members of the National Convention Convening Work Committee, members of the National Convention Convening Management Committee, chairmen and officials of sub-committees, delegates of political parties such as National Unity Party, Union Pa-O National Organization, Shan State Kokang Democratic Party, Mro (or) Khami National Solidarity Organization, Lahu National Development Party, Union Kayin League, Kokang Democracy and Unity Party and Wa National Development Party, representatives-elect of National Unity Party and Mro (or) Khami National Solidarity Organization, independent representatives, delegates of national races from Kachin, Kayah, Kayin, Chin, Mon, Rakhine, Shan (South), Shan (North) and Shan (East) States, Sagaing, Taninthayi, Bago, Magway, Mandalay, Yangon and Ayeyawady Divisions, delegates of peasants from Kachin, Kayah, Kayin, Chin, Mon, Rakhine, Shan (South), Shan (North) and Shan (East) States, Sagaing, Taninthayi, Bago, Magway, Mandalay, Yangon and Ayeyawady Divisions, delegates of workers from Kachin, Kayah, Kayin, Chin, Mon, Rakhine, Shan (South), Shan (North) and Shan (East) States, Sagaing, Taninthayi, Bago, Magway, Mandalay, Yangon and Ayeyawady Divisions, delegates of intellectuals and intelligentsia, delegates of State Service Personnel from the State Peace and Development Council Office, the President Office, the Pyithu Hluttaw Office, the Government Office, the Supreme Court, the Attorney-General's Office, the Auditor-General's Office, the Multi-party Democracy General Election Commission Office, the Civil Service Selection and Training Board, the Yangon City Development Committee, the Mandalay City Development Committee and the State service personnel of the respective ministries, other invited delegates, delegates from Shan State (North) Special Region-1, Shan State (North) Special Region-2, Shan State (North) Special Region-3, Shan State (East) Special Region-4, Shan State (North) Special Region-5, Shan State (South) Special Region-6, Kachin State Special Region-1, Kachin State Special Region-2, Kayah State Special Region-1, Kayah State Special Region-2, Kayah State Special Region-3, Kayinni National Democratic Party (KNDP) (Dragon) Group, Kayinni National Progressive Party (KNPP) Breakaway (Hoya), Kayinni National Unity and Solidarity Organization (Ka Ma Sa Nya), Democratic Kayin Buddhist Organization (DKBA) and Haungthayaw Special Region Group who have returned to the legal fold, Nyeinchanyay Myothit Group from Hpa-an Township of Kayin State, Burma Communist Party (Rakhine Group), Arakan Army (AA), Homein Region Development and Welfare Group, Shwepyiaye (MTA), Manpan People's Militia Group, Mon Peace Group (Chaungchi Region) and Mon (Breakaway) Nai Saik Chan Group that had exchanged arms for peace.

At 7.30 am, before the plenary session of the National Convention, members of the National Convention Convening Commission, members of the National Convention Convening Work Committee, members of the National Convention Convening Management Committee, chairmen of the respective subcommittees and members, delegates of political parties, representatives-elect, delegates of national races, delegates of peasants, delegates of intellectuals and intelligentsia, delegates of workers, delegates of service personnel and other invited delegates signed in the attendance books at Pyidaungsu Hall and the recreation hall for National Convention delegates.

At the plenary session, U Kan Nyunt of Delegate Group of Peasants presided over the meeting together with U Myo Thant (Maung Hsu Shin) of NCC Work Committee, U Saw Philip (a) U Philip Sam of Delegate Group of Political Parties, U Maung Gyi of Delegate Group of Representatives-Elect, U Maung Hla (a) U Hla Myint of Delegate Group of National Races, U Kyaw Win Tun of Delegate Group of Workers, Dr Maung Maung Wint of Delegate Group of Intellectuals and Intelligentsia, U Tin Kha of Delegate Group of State Service Personnel and Dr Manan Tu Ja of Delegate Group of Other Invited Persons as members of the panel of chairmen.

Director U Than Aung of the NCC Work Committee Office acted as MC and Deputy Director U Aung Kyi as co-MC. The MC declared the start of the meeting with the permission of the chairman as 1054 out of 1071 delegates were in attendance, accounting for 98.41 per cent. First, Chairman of the Plenary Session of the National Convention U Kan Nyunt of Delegate Group of Peasants made a speech.

Next, the Panel of Chairmen presented the Fundamental Principles and Detailed Basic Principles adopted by National Convention. First, Member of the Panel of Chairmen of the Plenary Session of the National Convention U Myo Thant (Maung Hsu Shin) of the National Convention Convening Work Committee read out the ?State Fundamental Principles'.

(The presentation is reported separately.)

Next, Member of the Panel of Chairmen of the Plenary Session of the National Convention U Saw Philip (a) U Philip Sam of the Delegate Group of Political Parties read out ?The State Structure' and ?The Head of State'. The Plenary Session of the National Convention took a break at 9.55 am.

(The presentation is reported separately.)

When the Plenary Session of the National Convention resumed at 10.10 am, Members of the Panel of Chairmen U Maung Gyi of Delegate Group of Representative-elect read out Formation of Legislature of the Chapter Legislature' and U Maung Hla (a) U Hla Myint read out Formation of Legislature of the Chapter Legislature' and Sharing of Legislative Power and the Plenary Session of the National Convention was adjourned at 11.10 am.

(The presentation will be reported.)

The Plenary Session of the National Convention continues at 9 am tomorrow at the Pyidaungsu Hall.

Nay Pyi Taw, that is the Capital of the Union, is designated as Union territory placed under direct administration of the President of the Union

Yangon, 27 Aug - The Panel of Chairmen of the Plenary Session of the National Convention presented Fundamental Principles and Detailed Basic Principles adopted by the National Convention in drafting the State Constitution to the Plenary Session of the National Convention. The following is "The State Structure" and The Head of State read out by Member of the Panel of Chairmen of the Plenary Session of the National Convention U Saw Philip (a) U Philip Sam of Delegate Group of Political Parties.

Chapter (II)

The State Structure

(1) The State is constituted by Pyidaungsu (Union) system.

(2) The State is delineated and constituted with the seven regions and seven states as follows:

- Kachin State

- Kayah State

- Kayin State

- Chin State

- Sagaing Region

- Taninthayi Region

- Bago Region

- Magway Region

- Mandalay Region

- Mon State

- Rakhine State

- Yangon Region

- Shan State

- Ayeyawady Region

- Union territories.

(3) Regions and States are of equal status and authority.

(4) If it is desired to change the name of a region or a state, it shall be done so with enactment of law after ascertaining wishes of the citizens who have the right to vote and are residing in the region or state concerned.

(5) Designation of Union territories

(a) Nay Pyi Taw, that is the Capital of the Union, is designated as Union territory placed under direct administration of the President of the Union,

(b) if the need arises to designate areas that have special situation in connection with national defence' security, administration and economy etc. as Union territories they may be so designated as Union territories after enacting laws.

(6) Constituting the Union

- Villages are organized into village -tract,

- wards are organized into town or township,

- village-tracts and wards or towns are organized into township,

- townships are organized into district,

- districts are organized into region or state,

- in a self-administered zone townships therein are organized into the self-administered zone,

- in a self-administered division townships therein are organized into district and districts are organized into the self-administered division,

- if there be self- administered division or self-administered zone in a region or a state, the sell administered division, self- administered zone an. districts are organized into region or state,

- regions, states and Union territories are organized as the Union.

(7) No part of the territory of the Union, namely regions, states and self- administered areas etc. shall ever secede from the Union.

(8) Re-delineation of the territorial boundary of the Union

(a) If the need arises to re-delineate the territorial boundary of the Union, the President of the Union shall first inform the leader of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw and ask him to seek the opinion of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw,

(b) The leader of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw, after receiving the intimation of the President of the Union on re-delineation of the territorial boundary of the Union, shall seek the opinions of the Hluttaw representatives as follows:

(1) assenting votes of more than half the total number of representatives included in the Hluttaw with equal numbers of representatives elected from regions and states,

(2) assenting votes of more than half the total number of representatives included in the Hluttaw elected on the basis of population,

(3) assenting votes of more than half the number of representatives from the region or state involving the boundary concerned in the two Hluttaws,

(c) the leader of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw, after obtaining the assenting votes as mentioned above, shall inform the President of the Union for re-delineate the territorial boundary of the Union,

(d) If any Hluttaw or representatives from the region state involving the boundary concerned in the two Hluttaws, following the methods mentioned above, dissent in connection with the re-delineation of the territorial boundary of the Union, action shall be taken after obtaining the opinion of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw. If three-fourths and upwards of the tot number of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw representative assent, the leader of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw shall inform the President of the Union for the re-delineation of the territorial boundary of the Union as necessary,

(e) the President of the Union shall take necessary measures for re-delineation of the territorial boundary of the Union after obtaining the opinions of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw.

(9) Re-delineation of the territorial boundaries of a region or a state

(a) If there arises cause to re-delineate the boundary of a region or a state, first of all the wishes of per-sons with voting rights residing in the township involved in. the re-delineation of the boundary shall be sough,

(b) re-delineation of the territorial boundary shall not be effected at all without supporting vote of more than half the total number of eligible voters residing in the township involved in the re-delineation of the boundary.

(c) It more than hall the total number of eligible voters in the township concerned vote m support at the re-delineation of the boundary, the wishes of the involved region or stale Hluttaw representatives stall be sought.

(d) the President of the Union. with the or the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw shall redelineate the territorial boundary of a region or a stale. abet getting the supporting vole of three-fourths and upwards of the total number of involved region or state Hluttaw representatives,

(e) the decision of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw shall be sought it an invoked region or stale Hluttaw passes a decision against re-delineation of the boundary.

(f) the President of the Union shall re-delineate the boundary of the region or state as necessary if it supported by three-fourths and upwards of the total number of representatives in the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw.

(10) Re-delineation of the boundary, organization and change of name of a village, village-tract, ward, town, township and district in a region, state, all-administered division or self-administered zone

- If occasion arises to hake changes in the boundary, organisation or name of a village, village-tract, ward, town, township or district in a region. state, self-administered division or self-administered zone, the region or slate executive authority concerned shall submit recommendations to the President of the Union and the President of the Union shall then act accordingly.

(11) Change of name of a self-administered division or self-administered zone

- If it is desired to change the name of a self-administered division or self-administered zone, the same method shall be applied with the case of a change of the name of the region or state.

(12) In connection with prescribing of self-administered division or self-administered zone in accord with these basic principles, the following detailed basic principles are laid down:

(a) to group together Leshi, Lahe and Namyun Townships in Sagaing Division and prescribe it Naga Self-Administered Zone;

(b) to group together Ywangan and Pindaya Townships in Shan State and prescribe it Danu Self-Administered Zone;

(c) to group together Hopong, Hsihseng and Pinlaung Town-ships in Shan State and prescribe it Pa-O Self-Administered Zone;

(d) to group together Namhsan and Manton Townships in Shan State and prescribe it Palaung Self-Administered Zone;

(e) to group together Konkyan and Laukkai Townships in Shan State and prescribe it Kokang Self- Administered Zone;

(f) to group together Hopang, Mongmao, Panwai, Nahpam, Pangsang (Pankham) and Metman townships in Shan State and prescribe it Wa Self- Administered Division;

Chapter (III)

The Head of State

(1) The Head of State is the President of the Union,

(2) The President of the Union represents the nation,

(3) The President of the Union occupies a position of the highest honour in the whole of the Union of Myanmar,

(4) Qualifications of the President and Vice-Presidents

(a) The President of the Union shall be loyal to the Union and the citizenry,

(b) The President of the Union must be a citizen of Myanmar who was, and both of whose parents were, born in the territory under the jurisdiction of the State, belonging to the nationality of Myanmar,

(c) The elected President of the Union shall be a person who has fully attained the age of 45.

(d) The President of the Union shall be well acquainted with affairs of State such as political, administrative, economic and military affairs,

(e) The President of the Union shall be a person who has been residing continuously in the country for at least 20 years up to the time of the election,

(f) The President of the Union himself, parents, spouse, children and their spouses shall not owe allegiance to a foreign power, shall not be subject of a foreign power or citizen of a foreign country. They shall not be persons entitled to the rights and privileges of a subject or citizen of a foreign country,

(g) The President of the Union shall possess specific qualifications required of the President in addition to qualifications required to stand for election to the Hluttaw.

(h) The Vice-Presidents shall possess qualifications required of the President.

(5) Election of the President and Vice-Presidents

(a) The president of the Union shall be elected by the presidential electoral college.

(b) The presidential electoral college shall be organizes with three groups of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw representatives as follows :

(1) Group formed with elected Hluttaw represents live in the Hluttaw with equal numbers of representatives elected from regions and states.

(2) Group formed with elected Hluttaw represents Lives in the Hluttaw elected on the basis of population and tawnship.

(3) Group formed with Tatmadaw member Hluttaw representatives nominated as such by the Commander- in- Chief of the Defence Services for the said two Hluttaws.

(c) Each group shall elect a Vice-President from among Hluttaw representatives or from among persons who . are not Hluttaw representatives,

(d) A body comprising trio leaders and deputy leaders of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw and the two Hluttaws of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw shall scrutinize whether Or not the Vice-Presidents possess the qualification prescribed for the President,

(e) The presidential electoral college made up of all the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw representatives shall elect by vote one of the three Vice-Presidents who are presidential candidates, as the President of the Union;

(f) Law shall be enacted as required for presidential election.

(6) Term of office of the President or the Vice-Presidents -

(a) The term of office of the president or the Vice -Presidents is five years,

(b) After expiry of incumbent term, the President and the Vice- Presidents shall carry on in office till the time the new President and Vice- Presidents are duly elected,

(c) The President and the Vice-Presidents shall not serve more than two terms,

(d) An interim period to serve as the President or the Vice- President shall not be counted as one term of office,

(e) If a vacancy is filled for the presidency or Vice-Presidency for any reason, the term of office of the President or the Vice-President shall be up to the end of the original term of office.

(7) The President or the Vice-Presidents shall not be representatives of any Hluttaw.

(8) If a Hluttaw representative be elected President or Vice-President, this person shall be deemed to have resigned from his seat in the Hluttaw, and if a service personnel be elected President or Vice- President, the person shall be deemed to have resigned or retired from the date of such election.

(9) If a person elected President or Vice-President happens to be member of a political party, this person shall not participate in party activities of that party organization, from the date of such election, during the term of office.

(10) In taking oath of office by the President and the Vice Presidents, the following points are to be included:

- to be loyal to the Union of Myanmar and the citizenry,

- to hold always in esteem non-disintegration of the Union. non-disintegration of national solidarity aril perpetuation at sovereignty,

- to uphold and abide by the State Constitution and to abide by laws of the State.

- to carry out the responsibilities uprightly to the best of ones ability.

- to strive for further flourishing of worldly values such as justice. liberty and equality,

- to solemnly declare and pledge dedication of life and poison to the service of the Union of Myanmar

(11)The President or the Vice-Presidents shall exercise responsibilities and rights assigned and vested by the constitution and other laws.

(12) The President and the Vice-Presidents shall not accept any other office or position of emolument.

(13) The President and the Vice-Presidents shall furnish lists of assets namely family owned land, houses, buildings, businesses savings and other valuables slating then values belonging to the respective families led by theft and send them to the leader of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw.

(14) The President and the Vice-Presidents shall be entitled to enjoy the emolument and facilities of office in accord with law. Each shall also be entitled to have a suitable residence.

(15) Except in the case of removal from office following impeachment, the President and the Vice- Presidents shall enjoy pension and appropriate allowances on retirement after expiry of the term of office.

(16) Impeachment of the President or the Vice-President

(a) The President or any Vice-President shall be impeached for one of the following reasons:

(1) treason,

(2) violation atlas provisions in the Constitution.

(3) misconduct,

(4) being disqualified for the Presidency or Vice-Presidency under the Constitution,

(5) inefficient discharge of duties assigned to him in accord with the law.

(b) If it is desired to impeach the President or any Vice-President, not less than one fourth of the total membership of any of the two Hluttaws included in the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw is to sign a charge and submit it to the leader of the Hluttaw concerned,

(c) Further action shall be taken it not less than two-thirds of the total membership of the Hluttaw concerned support the charge,

(d) If one Hluttaw supports to take action in connection with the charge, the other Hluttaw shall investigate the charge or form a body to investigate the charge,

(e) The President or the Vice-President shall have the right to refute the charge personally or through a representative when it is investigated,

(f) If not less than two-thirds of the total membership of the Hluttaw by which the charge was investigated or caused to be investigated declares after the investigation that the charge has been sustained and than decides that the offence, the subject of the charge, is such as to render the President or the Vice-President unfit to continue in office, that Hluttaw shall submit it to the leader of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw to remove the President or Vice-President from office,

(g) The leader of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw shall proclaim removal of the President or Vice-President immediately after the receipt of the intimation.

(17) The President or Vice-President shall be allowed to resign from office of his own volition before the expiry of the term of office.

(18) In connection with the methods to be applied If the post of the President or Vice-President falls vacant

(a) one of the Vice-Presidents who has won the second highest votes in the presidential election shall serve as Acting President if the post of the President falls vacant due to his resignation, death, permanent disability or any other cause.

(b) a vacancy of the President comes about while the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw is in session, the Acting President shall promptly inform the leader of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw for filling it within seven days.

(c) on receipt of the intimation, the leader of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw shall move for electing of a Vice-President by the representatives group which had elected the Vice-President who later got elected President but now vacated the presidency,

(d) after the representatives group concerned has elected a Vice- President, the electoral college made up of all the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw representatives shall elect the President of the Union out of three Vice-Presidents,

(e) if the vacancy comes about when the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw is not in session, the leader of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw shall summon a Pyidaungsu Hluttaw session within 21 days from the date of receipt of the intimation from the Acting President and carry on for filing the vacant presidency in the way stated above.

(f) if the post of a Vice-President falls vacant due to resignation. death, permanent disability or any other cause while the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw is in session, the President shall promptly inform the leader of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw to enable the Hluttaw representatives group which has elected the just vacated Vice-President to elect a new Vice-President within seven days.

(g) if the vacancy comes about when the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw is not in session the leader of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw shall summon the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw session within 21 days, and carry on for filling the Vice-Presidency by the Hluttaw representatives group in the prescribed method.

Myanmar Naing-Ngan is a sovereign, independent nation

Yangon, 27 Aug - The Panel of Chairmen of the Plenary Session of the National Convention presented Fundamental Principles and Detailed Basic Principles adopted by the National Convention in drafting the State Constitution to the Plenary Session of the National Convention. The following is the State Fundamental Principles' read out by Member of the Panel of Chairmen of the Plenary Session of the National Convention U Myo Thant (Maung Hsu Shin) of the National Convention Convening Work Committee.

Chapter (I)

State Fundamental Principles

(1) In connection with the State, it is laid down that -

(a) Myanmar Naing-Ngan is a sovereign, independent nation;

(b) the State shall be known as Pyidaungsu Thamada Myanmar Naing-Ngan Daw;

(c) The State is a nation wherein various national races make their homes together.

(d) sovereign power of the State is derived from the citizens and is in force in the whole country;

(e) the territorial boundary of the State is as it is on the day this State Constitution comes into force.

(2) In connection with the aims and objectives of the State, it is laid down that the State is consistently aimed at -

(a) non-disintegration of the Union,

(b) non-disintegration of national solidarity,

(c) perpetuation of sovereignty,

(d) flourishing of a discipline-flourishing genuine multiparty democracy

(e) further burgeoning of the noblest and worthiest of worldly values namely justice, liberty and equality in the State,

(f) for the Tatmadaw to be able to participate in the national political leadership role of the State.

(3) In connection with multiparty democracy, it is stipulated that -

- the State practises discipline-flourishing genuine multiparty democracy.

(4) In connection with State structure, it is laid down that

(a) the Union is constituted by Pyidaungsu (Union) systems;

(b) the existing seven divisions are designated seven regions and the existing seven states are designated seven states. Those seven regions and seven states are of equal status and authority;

(c) the names of those seven regions and seven states are retained as they are at present;

(d) if it is desired to change the name of a region or a state, it shall be done so with enactment of law after ascertaining the wishes of citizens residing in the region or state concerned;

(e) in regions or states, self- administered areas are to be prescribed for national races who reside together in communities on the same common stretches of land in appropriate sizes of population, other than national races who have already got regions or states;

(5) In connection with separation and distribution of sovereign State power, it is laid down that

(a) the three branches of State power, namely legislative power, executive power and judicial power are separated as much as possible and exert reciprocal control, check and balance among themselves;

(b) the three branches of State power, so separated are distributed among Pyidaungsu (Union), regions, states and self- administered areas.

(6) In connection with legislature, it is laid down that

(a) the legislative power of the State is distributed among Pyidaungsu Hluttaw, Region Hluttaws and State Hluttaws. legislative power stipulated by the State Constitution shall be distributed to self- administered areas;

(b) Pyidaungsu Hluttaw consists of two Hluttaws- one Hluttaw elected on the basis of township as well as on the basis of population and the other one with equal number of representatives elected from regions and states;

(c) there will be a Region Hluttaw in each of the seven regions and a State Hluttaw in each of the seven states;

(d) Pyidaungsu Hluttaw, Region Hluttaws and State Hluttaws include Tatmadaw servicemen Hluttaw representatives nominated as such by the Defence Services Commander-in-Chief in numbers stipulated by the State Constitution;

(e) for national races with appropriate sizes of population, national race representatives are to be permitted to participate in legislatures of regions, states or self-administered areas concerned.

(7) In connection with executive branch, it is laid down that

(a) the head of executive of the State is the President of the State;

(b) the executive power of the State is distributed among the administrative organs of Pyidaungsu, regions and states; self- administrative power shall be distributed to self-administered areas as stipulated by the State Constitution;

(c) Pyidaungsu, regions, states, self-administered areas and district' executive organs include Tatmadaw servicemen nominated by Deform Services Commander-in-Chief to undertake responsibilities of the defence, security, border administration etc.

(d) for national races of which representatives are so permitted to participate in legislatures of regions, states or self-administered areas in accord with above paragraph (6) sub-paragraph (e), representatives are to be permitted to participate, mainly to undertake their national race affairs, in administration of respective region, state or self-administered area:

(8) In connection with the judiciary It is laid down that

(a) the judicial power of the State is distributed among Supreme Court of the Union (Supreme Court), Region Taya Hluttaw (Region High Court), State Taya Hluttaw (State High Court) and law courts of different levels including law courts of self-administered areas:

(b) in the Pyidaungsu is constituted one Supreme Court of the Union. Supreme Court of the Union is the supreme law court of the State;

(c) Supreme Court of the Union has powers to issue writs;

(d) a Region Taya Hluttaw is constituted in each of the regions and a State Taya Hluttaw is constituted in each of the states;

(e) the following are stipulated as judicial principles

- independent administration of justice in accord with law;

- administration of justice in public except where restricted by law;

- giving of right of defence and right of appeal by law in cases.

(9) In connection with the Tatmadaw, it is laid down that

(a) the Tatmadaw is strong, modern and must be the sole existing Tatmadaw;

(b) the Tatmadaw has the right to independently administer all affairs concerning the forces;

(c) the Defence Services Commander-in-Chief is the Supreme Commander of all armed forces;

(d) the Tatmadaw has the right to administer for participation of the entire people in State security and defence;

(e) the Tatmadaw is mainly responsible for safeguarding non-disintegration of the Union, non-disintegration of national solidarity and perpetuation of sovereignty;

(f) the Tatmadaw is mainly responsible for safeguarding the State Constitution.

(10) In connection with citizens and citizens' fundamental rights and responsibilities, it is laid down that -

(a) every citizen shall enjoy rights of equality, rights of liberty and rights of justice etc. as prescribed in the State Constitution;

(b) there shall be no right to hold a citizen in detention for more than 24 hours without the permission of a law court;

(c) public peace and tranquillity and prevalence of law and order is the responsibility of every citizen;

(d) necessary law shall be enacted to make citizens' freedoms, rights, benefits, responsibilities and restrictions effective, firm and complete.

(11) In connection with the national races, it is laid down that

(a) the State shall help develop language, literature, fine arts and culture of the national races;

(b) the State shall help promote solidarity, mutual amity, and respect and mutual help among the national races;

(c) the State shall help promote socio-economic development including education, health, economy, transport and communications of less developed national races.

(12) In connection with the peasantry, it is laid down that-

(a) the Stale shall enact necessary law to protect the rights of the peasantry:

(b) the State shall help the peasantry get equitable value for their agricultural produce.

(13) In connection with workers, it is laid down that -

- the Slate shall enact necessary laws to protect the rights of workers.

(14) In connection with Intellectuals and intelligentsia, it is laid down that -

- the stale shall help promote the interests of the intellectuals and intelligentsia.

(15) In connection with the State service personnel, it is laid down that

(a) Stale service personnel shall be free from party politics;

(b) the State shall enact necessary laws far State service personnel to have due security in service and sufficiency of food. clothing and shelter, tot married women in service to get maternity benefits, and for welfare to ease livelihood of persons who have retired from service.

(16) In connection with national culture, it is laid down that-

- the State shall help for development, consolidation and preservation of national culture.

(17) In connection with education and health, it is laid down that -

(a) The State shall earnestly strive to improve education and health of the people;

(b) the State shall enact necessary law to enable the national people to participate in matters of education and health of the people;

(c) the State shall implement free compulsory primary education system,

(d) the State shall implement a modern education system that will promote all- around correct thoughts and good morals and contribute towards building of the nation.

(18) In connection with agriculture, it is laid down that -

- the State shall provide inputs such as technology investments, machinery, raw materials etc. as much as it can for changeover from manual to mechanize agriculture.

(19) In connection with industry, it is laid down that

- the State shall provide inputs such as technology investments, machinery, raw materials etc. as much as it can for development of industries.

(20) In connection with employment, it is laid down that -

- the State shall, as much as it can, help reduce unemployment among the people.

(21) In connection with mothers, children, the old and the infirm, it is laid down that

(a) the State shall care for mothers and children, orphans, fallen Tatmadaw servicemen's children, the old an the infirm, and the disabled;

(b) the State shall arrange for disabled Tatmadaw servicemen to be able to make a respectable livelihood and get free vocational training.

(22) In connection with the youths, it is laid down that

- the State shall strive to imbue youths with strong and dynamic patriotic spirit, correct way of thinking and the five noble strengths.

(23) In connection with religion, it is laid down that

(a) every citizen is equally entitled to freedom of con-science and the right freely to profess and practise religion subject to public order, morality or health and to the other provisions of the State Constitution.

(24) In connection with the economy, it is laid down that

(a) the State economic system shall be market economic system;

(b) the State permits all economic forces such as the State itself, regional organizations, cooperative organizations, joint-venture organizations and private concerns etc. to take part in economic activities for the development of national economy;

(c) the State shall prevent acts that harm public interests through monopolization or manipulation of prices by an individual or group with intent to jeopardize fair competition in economic activities;

(d) the State shall strive towards uplift of living standard of the people and development of general investments;

(e) the State will not nationalize economic enterprises;

(f) the State will not demonetize the currency that is legally put into circulation.

(25) In connection with the land, the waters, the atmosphere and natural resources, it is laid down that.

(a) the State is the ultimate owner of all the land, and natural resources above and below the ground, above and beneath the water and in the atmosphere within its territorial boundary;

(b) the State shall enact necessary law to supervise economic forces' extraction and utilization of State owned natural resources;

(c) the State shall permit citizens right of private property, right of inheritance, right of private enterprise, right of initiative and right of patent in accord with law.

(26) In connection with elections, it is laid down that

(a) ever citizen shall have the right to vote and to stand for election according to law;

(b) voters concerned shall have the right, in accord wit,' provisions of the State Constitution, to recall elected people's representatives.

(27) In connection with political parties, it is laid down that

- the State shall enact necessary law for systematic formation of political parties for flourishing discipline-flourishing genuine multiparty democracy.

(28) In connection with state of emergency, it is laid down that

(a) when there arises a state of emergency characterized by inability to perform executive functions in accord with provisions of the State Constitution in a region or a state or a self- administered area, the President of the State is empowered to exercise executive power in that region, state or self- administered area and if necessary in doing so, the President of the State is empowered to exercise legislative powers concerning that region, state or self- ad-ministered area in accord with provisions of the State Constitution;

(b) when there arises or there is sufficient reason to arise a state of emergency endangering life and property of the people in a region, a state or a self- administered area, the Tatmadaw has the right, in accord with provisions of the State Constitution, to prompt that danger and provide protection;

(c) when there arises a state of emergency that could cause disintegration of the Union, disintegration of national solidarity and loss of national sovereignty, due to take over of sovereign State power or attempts therefor by wrongful forcible means such as insurgency or violence, the Defence Services Commander- in-Chief has the right to take over and exercise State power in accord With provisions of the State Constitution.

(29) In connection with foreign affairs, it is laid down that

(a) the State practises independent, active and non-aligned foreign policy, aims at world peace and friendly relations with nations, and upholds the principles of peaceful co- existence among nations:

(b) the Stale never starts aggression against ant nation;

(c) no forcing troops are permitted to be deployed within the borders of the Union.

(30) In connection with punishments, it is laid down that-

(a) there is no right for any penal law to provide for retrospective effect;

(b) there is no right to prescribe punishments that violate human dignity.

(31) In connection with the natural environment, It is laid down that

- the slate shall protect the natural environment.

(32) In connection with general provisions, it is laid down that

- a Constitutional Tribunal shall be sat up to interpret provisions of the Stale Constitution; to scrutinize whether or not laws enacted by Pyidaungsu Hluttaw, Region Hluttaws and State Hluttaws and functions of executive authorities of Pyidaungsu, regions, stated and self- administered areas are in conformity with the State Constitution to decide on disputes in connection with the State Constitution between Pyidaungsu and regions, between Pyidaungsu and states, between regions and states, among regions and states and between regions or states and sell-administered areas and among self-administered areas themselves to perform other duties prescribed in the State Constitution.